Robespierre and The Reign of Terror

The French Revolution was when the people of France revolt against the government. The government were the citizens of France very poorly, dividing them into extremely unfair estates. There were three estates: the first estate which were of Catholic clergies; the second estate which consisted for wealthy nobles and finally the third estate which was everyone else. The unfair thing was that the third estate paid 98% of all taxes while the wealthy nobles and Catholic clergies paid less then 2%. The citizens took after the Enlightenment thinkers and decided to stand up and ask questions about what was occurring. They wanted a democracy-like setting in their country.
The democracy-like setting the citizens demanded was not set up as soon as the French Revolution began. It took some time. The French Revolution soon crumbled into the Reign of Terror. The Reign of Terror was about a 10 month period during the Revolution in which a wave of executions by the guillotine. The first person to get killed by the guillotine after the king died, was his wife, Marie Antoinette. People being killed by the guillotine was considered a learning experience. 30,000 people in France lost their lives due to the sudden breakout of executions by the guillotine. Maximilien Robespierre arose and took over the country of France. He wanted to destroy all traces of any monarchy-like setting. He took over France like a dictator would. The rule of Robespierre was called the Reign of Terror because nobody was safe. He was responsible for killing so many people. The Reign of Terror concluded when Robespierre was arrested and executed.

The French Revolution: Social Causes

The French Revolution is one of the greatest times in history. The people in France were divide into very unfair estates. That was one of the cause of the French Revolution. Another cause of the revolution because of lack of food. The crops was were no good and people were starving. Because of that, people began to revolt. Also, the king, Louis XVI was not one of the best kings around. he was very unorganized and didn't have any interest in ruling the country of France. The French Revolution changed that. The lower and middle class people overruled the wealthier people.

During the French revolution there were three estate, the first estate, the second estate and the third estate. The first estate consisted of Catholic clergies. The second estate had wealthy nobles and the third estate had everyone else. The third estate felt extremely used considering the fact that they get paid less than the catholic clergies and the wealthy nobles, yet they had to pay the most taxes, which was very unfair.

Enlightenment thinkers were all about making the world and asking questions and standing up for their rights. They were willing to do anything for a democracy-like setting. They wanted everything to be fair and wanted people to make a difference as well as help them when they were in need.

King Louis XVI had set up a National Assembly between the 1st and 2nd estates. He set up an army of Swiss guards to protect them. The French people believed that the Swiss were going into their country to attack them. A large number of French people gathered around and rummaged into the Bastille in search of protection, from what they believed was going to be an attack. The citizens of France eventually took over the Bastille, which marked the beginning of the French Revolution.

Later on, King Louis XVI, was executed by the guillotine.

Copernicus and the trial of Galileo

In astronomy, the geocentric theory, which was disconfirmed by Galileo, was the idea that the sun and the moon revolved around he. Heliocentricism is the proven theory that the earth revolve around the sun and the moon. The Geocentric theory was accepted by everyone before the Scientific Revolution erupted. The Heliocentric theory came after the Geocentric theory due to new methods such as the scientific method which was developed during the scientific revolution.
Galileo Galilei also known as the ''father of modern observational astronomy" was an extremely famous mathematician, scientist and astronomer who played a big part in the Scientific Revolution. Galileo was very for Copernicus's Heliocentric idea. He was devoted to spreading his knowledge and his theory to the public. Unfortunately, the Catholic Church's believed in Geocentricism. The Catholic Church believed in Geocentricism because of several writings in the Bible like in the "Chronicles 16:30" where it states that "the world is firmly established, it cannot be moved." Galileo's diffused the idea of Heliocentric which provoked the Catholic Church put Galileo on trial for his belief. After hard interrogation against Galileo was sentenced to life in prison and later house arrest for his believing the Copernicus theory. Recently, Pope John Paul II stated that the way that Galileo was handled was wrong.

Scientific Revolution: Scientific Method

About 500 centuries ago, scientist and people used to think that proof to their theories was found in the Bible. Now, scientist follow a method called the scientific method. The scientific method is a series of steps used to prove if a theory is correct or not. The first part of the scientific method is to ask a question. The question is basically the theory that the scientist or the person has made. The next step is to do some background research on the topic. It'll help you a lot if you have background information to base your theory on. Then you must construct a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a mere guess based on a theory with incomplete evidence. The next step in the scientific method, is to test your theory with an experiment. Make sure that when you conduct the experiment that only one variable is changed. Then examine your answers. If the hypothesis is true, report your results. If the hypothesis is wrong, try again and repeat the scientific method with a different hypothesis or a different variable.
An example of following the scientific method is by performing an experiment to test whether a plant grow faster by watering it with water or with soda. So my question is "Does a plant grow better with water or with soda?" Next, you do some background research. Then, my hypothesis is that the plant will grow faster with water. The next step is to test your hypothesis with an experiment. According the the information I gather, my hypothesis was correct and the plant will grow faster with water.

Evolution vs Creation

In our current society, some people believe in evolution and others believe in the creation. Evolution is the scientific reason that people evolve and mutate depending on the environment. Creationism is the belief that Earth and people were created by gods, and that is where religions are formed.
Darwin's Theory of Evolution states, that everything descended from one ancestor. Those ancestors migrated to different places with different environments usually in look for food. Darwin explains that a species is forced to change when migrating to a different environment. Darwin did a study on finches living in the Galapagos Island. He believed that in order to eat, the finches had to be able to break seed that were grown on the island with their beaks. The birds that were best suited for that particular environment with the big seeds, would survive and reproduce. After that, the new traits that the birds had developed, would accumulate and a new form of species would produce. That is how Darwin believes the evolution works. Evolution is more believed by scientists than creationism due to actual research, fossils and observations. Evidence shows that the bone structure of the wings of a bird, the hands of a human and the flaps of a whale are all similar and have a resemblance, even though they have different functions.
Creationism is the presumption that the world was formed in their genuine way by a god. It is more of a literal belief because in the bible it states in the Book of Genesis that the world was created in a matter of 6 days. The bible would be the publication in which the Jewish and the Christians believe in. The Qu'ran is the document the Muslim believe in and follow. The Qu'ran says that god created the people and the Earth itself.